Flexyx

Flexyx drugs: Trapanal

Trapanal - General Information:

A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the induction of general anesthesia or for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration. It is also used for hypnosis and for the control of convulsive states. It has been used in neurosurgical patients to reduce increased intracranial pressure. It does not produce any excitation but has poor analgesic and muscle relaxant properties. Small doses have been shown to be anti-analgesic and lower the pain threshold. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p920)

Pharmacology:

Trapanal, a barbiturate, is used for the induction of anesthesia prior to the use of other general anesthetic agents and for induction of anesthesia for short surgical, diagnostic, or therapeutic procedures associated with minimal painful stimuli. Trapanal is an ultrashort-acting depressant of the central nervous system which induces hypnosis and anesthesia, but not analgesia. It produces hypnosis within 30 to 40 seconds of intravenous injection. Recovery after a small dose is rapid, with some somnolence and retrograde amnesia. Repeated intravenous doses lead to prolonged anesthesia because fatty tissues act as a reservoir; they accumulate Pentothal in concentrations 6 to 12 times greater than the plasma concentration, and then release the drug slowly to cause prolonged anesthesia

Trapanal for patients

Trapanal Interactions

The following drug interactions have been reported with thiopental.

Drug	Effect
Probenecid	Prolonged action of thiopental
Diazoxide	Hypotension
Zimelidine	Thiopental antagonism
Opioid analgesics	Decreased antinociceptive action
Aminophylline	Thiopental antagonism
Midazolam	Synergism

Trapanal Contraindications

Absolute Contraindications

• Absence of suitable veins for intravenous administration,
• hypersensitivity (allergy) to barbiturates and
• variegate porphyria (South African) or acute intermittent porphyria.

Relative Contraindications

• Severe cardiovascular disease,
• hypotension or shock,
• conditions in which the hypnotic effect may be prolonged or potentiated ó excessive premedication, Addisonís disease, hepatic or renal dysfunction, myxedema, increased blood urea, severe anemia, asthma, myasthenia gravis, and
• status asthmaticus.

Diluents in Pentothal® Kits

Ready-To-Mix Syringes and Vials
(For preparing solutions of Thiopental Sodium for Injection, USP)

Do not use unless the diluent is clear and the bottle or vial seal or syringe package is undamaged.

Diluents in Pentothal Kits, Ready-to-Mix Syringes or Vials should not be used for fluid or sodium chloride replacement.

Additional information about Trapanal

Trapanal Indication: For use as the sole anesthetic agent for brief (15 minute) procedures, for induction of anesthesia prior to administration of other anesthetic agents, to supplement regional anesthesia, to provide hypnosis during balanced anesthesia with other agents for analgesia or muscle relaxation, for the control of convulsive states during or following inhalation anesthesia or local anesthesia, in neurosurgical patients with increased intracranial pressure, and for narcoanalysis and narcosynthesis in psychiatric disorders.
Mechanism Of Action: Trapanal binds at a distinct binding site associated with a Cl^- ionopore at the GABA_A receptor, increasing the duration of time for which the Cl^- ionopore is open. The post-synaptic inhibitory effect of GABA in the thalamus is, therefore, prolonged.
Drug Interactions: Not Available
Food Interactions: Not Available
Generic Name: Thiopental
Synonyms: Thiomebumal; Pentothiobarbital; Pentothal; Penthiobarbital; Thiopentone; Thiopentobarbituric acid; Thiopentobarbitone; Thiopentobarbital; Thionembutal; Tiopentale [Italian]
Where to order Thiopental (and Trapanal analogs) online:
Drug Category: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Anticonvulsants; GABA Modulators; Hypnotics and Sedatives
Drug Type: Small Molecule; Approved
Other Brand Names containing Thiopental: Farmotal; Intraval; Nesdonal; Thiothal; Trapanal;
Absorption: Rapidly absorbed.
Toxicity (Overdose): Overdosage may occur from too rapid or repeated injections. Too rapid injection may be followed by an alarming fall in blood pressure even to shock levels. Apnea, occasional laryngospasm, coughing and other respiratory difficulties with excessive or too rapid injections may occur. Lethal blood levels may be as low as 1 mg/100 mL for short-acting barbiturates; less if other depressant drugs or alcohol are also present.
Protein Binding: Approximately 80% of the drug in the blood is bound to plasma protein.
Biotransformation: Primarily hepatic. Biotransformation products of thiopental are pharmacologically inactive and mostly excreted in the urine.
Half Life: 3-8 hours
Dosage Forms of Trapanal: Powder, for solution Intravenous
Chemical IUPAC Name: 5-ethyl-5-pentan-2-yl-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-diazinane-4,6-dione
Chemical Formula: C11H18N2O2S
Thiopental on Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiopental
Organisms Affected: Humans and other mammals